Mastery of teachers is a policy that limits the ability to fire teachers, who need "reason" reasons to shoot. Each declared to have established their own ownership system. Ownership gives teachers protection by making it difficult to dismiss teachers who have ownership rights. Many countries focus on land tenure reform. A revision will be made in order that the tenure system will no longer function in the same way as the existing system of mastery.
Video Teacher tenure reform (United States)
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Tenure has been a controversial issue for some time. However, lately reforming or eliminating the mastery of teachers has become an urgent issue that is widely covered by the media. Many politicians actively voice their opinions about tenure. Many countries have new plans for their ownership system. There are many different reforms that are trying to be passed by the law. It is difficult to get past reform because one side of the debate must submit something whenever a proposal is made. Some argue tenure is no longer necessary and it hurts the American education system. Others argue mastery provides important protection for teachers. While each country has its own specificity on how to master the work of teachers, most hold a similar form. Each new teacher is given a trial period (probation varies across countries). During this trial period, teachers must prove that they deserve to have a period of service. They must prove that they have a positive effect on their students using a teacher evaluation system, which includes information from some aspects of a teacher's responsibilities. Some common aspects are classroom observation, student growth, and self-reflection (see, for example, New Haven and the state of Virginia).
Look at the New Jersey ownership system as an example. Currently under the New Jersey ownership system, a teacher was placed on probation for three years during which time the teacher was evaluated using a system called AchieveNJ. During or after these three years, the principal must decide whether the school will provide mastery to this teacher. If so, the teacher will be required to work there for the fourth year and will be granted proprietary rights. The principal can fire a teacher anytime during the trial period. However, once a tenor teacher, the principal can no longer fire a teacher for no reason. The teacher is then protected by ownership. There are four reasons why a teacher is fired in New Jersey once they retire. The reasons include: disability, inefficiency, inappropriate behavior, and fair cause. A teacher who was dismissed for these reasons was given a chance to defend their case.
Maps Teacher tenure reform (United States)
History
Ownership is made to provide protection to teachers. The exact starting point of the tenure is debatable. Many do not fully agree why or when the tenure was made. From the beginning, the tenure was controversial. Some say the fight for this protection began around the 1920s. Women dominate the teaching profession today. Massachusetts was the first state to introduce a teacher's tenure in 1886, as the beginning of the progressive movement swept across the country. http://teachertenure.procon.org/In the past, teachers were subject to regulations that hampered basic rights. For example, teachers are told what time they should go home, what activities they should follow, who they can link to, etc. Teachers are often fired for violating this rule. Teachers gather to get protection against the rules. They want their own rules that make sure they will not get fired for no reason. Teacher union has not yet formed. They are in the process of being formed. Others argue that the term of office begins to protect professors from losing academic freedom. Rich industrialists began to write and weaken the professors. Appointments are made to ensure professors can write freely. This angered many people that the reason why land tenure was developed was unclear. There is no single event or exact time when the term of office was created. Many argue that there is no reason to maintain a proprietary system that has no real foundation to begin with.
Debate
Pro mastery reform
Many countries seek to reform and even eliminate their teacher's mastery system. Some of the leading countries in the movement include Florida, New Jersey, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, New York and Pennsylvania. Many argue that by providing teacher mastery, the education system is flooded with teachers who are no longer effective. Some argue that land tenure provides a permanent position to teachers regardless of whether they deserve a job or not. Many say that because our education system is overwhelmed by these ineffective teachers, the students suffer. Those who pro-reform/eliminate tenurials say having poor teachers in the education system are too many children in American schools. Proponents of reforming/eliminating tenure felt that tenure did nothing but protect the "bad" teachers and hurt students. They believe that tenure is given too soon in America. Teachers must accept mastery based on their effectiveness rather than how long they teach. Many feel that the process of dismissing a teacher takes too much time and money. This side of the debate feels easier to fire permanent teachers. Many also want to see teachers evaluated based on their performance and academic achievement of their students. In eight states in America, tenure is awarded to teachers only after two years of teaching during probation. In two states, tenure is granted only after one year of teaching during the trial period. Washington DC does not require the time set for granting proprietary rights. Proponents of this movement feel that a year or two is too short a time to tell whether a teacher has a positive influence on their students. Before these teachers were given job protection for life, they wanted to see them work on probation for a longer period of time. Reforms have been created in all forms. Some reforms demanded longer periods of trial while others requested a more rigorous teacher evaluation. Other reforms want to remove the system of full control and replace this system with renewable contracts.
Primary actor
New Jersey Governor Chris Christie is working hard to reform the ownership system in New Jersey. He does not want to eliminate the ownership system completely. He wants to eliminate the current ownership system and replace it with a new one. Currently in New Jersey, after a teacher proves themselves to be efficient for 3 years, they get lifelong protection under tenure. Christie wants to change the ownership system. He wants teachers to prove themselves for three years to gain a tenure. However, after a year is considered "ineffective", teachers will be easily fired. Christie wants to assess whether a teacher is ineffective or not in a two-part assessment. One part of the score will be based on student achievement. The second part of the score will be based on teacher performance. Christie believes the answer to make school more effective is to place more responsibility on the teacher. Christie stated, "Let New Jersey lead the way again," , "The moment to remove the current professorship."
Former DC public school chancellor, Michelle Rhee, has made plans to eliminate the right of mastering the teacher altogether. Rhee devised a payment plan that would compensate the teachers by giving them a big raise in return for their ownership rights. He gave the permanent teacher an option to accept this proposal. New employees will be forced to accept this new payment plan. New employees will be paid on the basis of their students' achievements. While teachers prospectively will be able to earn more money under this payment plan, they will not be granted proprietary protection. Rhee's plan did not work. Teachers do not want to give up their mastery of protection for higher salaries. After this plan failed, he continued to plan. He offers purchase plans for existing teachers with tenure. In 2009, he made a plan called IMPACT. This plan ties student performance to state tests for teacher evaluation. While this plan has the support of many people, there are still many others who oppose it.
Fighting tenure reform
Tenurial supporters argue that land tenure is necessary in making the education system successful. Ownership protects teachers and enables them to participate in unfavorable activities. For example, teachers can fail in poor student execution regardless of how much they affect school. Proponents also affirm that it protects teachers' free speech. Freedom of speech is especially important when teachers write articles about issues that are not supported by their administrators. Those who support tenure also argue that teachers are fired easily when they commit serious or ineffective crimes. Supporters of land tenure systems say tenure does not keep teachers who will commit such crimes in the system. In some states, schools are required to pay more for teachers who have earned a higher degree, and tenure enables teachers to get jobs, go back to school, and return to their jobs, not afraid of dismissal because of their higher salary. Proponents equalize with the concept of seniority in other jobs. Teachers are often forced in uncomfortable situations (such as failing students, selecting a particular student). An employee who makes difficult and confrontational decisions will need job protection. Many who oppose the reform/eradication motion argue that land tenure allows teaching to become a profession, not just a job. Presumably, teachers will not have much job stability and will be forced to move from school to school. Giving teachers a permanent position will enable them to form bonds and relationships with students, parents, and other faculties.
Recent reform actions taken
Many countries have recently reformed their ownership system. Some of these states include:
- California is the first state to adopt a proprietary system. They have made a lot of effort to reform their system. One of the more recent attempts was made by Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger in January 2005. He tried to pass an Excellence in Teaching Act that would pay teachers on the basis of their performance. He also wants to enact "Putting First Child Reason" which will extend the teacher's probation to five years (currently two years). This action will also allow schools to fire teachers after two unsatisfactory ratings. Schools no longer have to give teachers 90 days to improve their performance before being fired. This caused a lot of controversy among the teachers in California. The action was selected and never passed.
- Florida - In 1997 a major movement towards land tenure reform took place. This reform was deemed a success. This master reform reduced the probation of a teacher working to a tenure of up to 97 days, not a year. During that 97 days, a teacher can be fired for no reason. The result of this land tenure reform does not seem to make a big improvement in Florida's ownership system. Only 101 of the 10,689 new teachers in Florida dismissed by the school in 1998. While these reforms were considered successful, the teacher union stepped in and won back much of the protection. In 2009, a new plan was proposed. Legislators want to get rid of positions for all new teachers. The term of office will be replaced by an annual renewable contract. After ten years, a teacher will qualify for a renewable contract that will last up to five years. This plan was never endorsed by the Senate.
- New York - In 2007, Mayor Michael Bloomberg voiced his concern that even though teachers can be released easily during a three-year probation period, they are virtually nonexistent. In 2008, Bloomberg introduced the Main Portal. This is a tool that principals will use to help evaluate their teachers. This gives them guidance to follow and base their decisions. The Main Portal succeeded. The number of teachers released during their trial period is doubled in the first year. Bloomberg also wants to have a student's test score included in the process of mastery.
See also
- StudentsFirst
- LIFO (education)
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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