Education in Spain is governed by Ley OrgÃÆ'¡nica 8/2013, de 9 de diciembre, la la mejora de la calidad educativa (LOMCE, Organic Law for Education Improvement) extends to Article 27 of the Spanish Constitution 1978. Education is compulsory and free for all children between the ages of 6 and 16 and is supported by national governments along with governments of each of the country's 17 autonomous communities.
Video Education in Spain
Introduction
In Spain, primary and secondary schools are considered basic education. This is Primaria (six years, starting your 6 years old), equivalent to Spanish primary and secondary schools, and Secundaria , or ESO < ( Educación Secundaria Obligatoria , starting your 12 years old), Spanish secondary school matching.
After the financial crisis in 2008, leaving many people, especially poor children, there are many attempts to recover. In 2014, a bill was passed to increase the number of annual exams to fund the school. In subsequent years, the cost of higher education increased due to budget cuts in education. In 2016, further research was undertaken to assess inequality, inclusiveness, and educational diversity. Spain is also working towards the reform of vocational education and the modernization of education to increase the increasing unemployment rate.
Maps Education in Spain
Preschool
Preschool for children under the age of 6 is recommended. There are two preschool cycles divided by age; Children aged 0-3 years and ages 3-6 years. The first cycle is often held at daycare centers or preschools, and most of the time it is not free for students, although some city councils offer scholarships to their general preschool center with limited space. The second cycle is free for all students enrolled in public shcools that offer EducaciÃÆ'³n Infantil (early childhood education). The first cycle focuses on. The second cycle of preschool in public schools focuses on emotional development, movement and control of body habits, communication and language, and positive body image. The documents required for public registration include proof of residence, passport or resident card, or birth certificate, and, in some areas, evidence of child vaccination and medical health certificates.
Public schools
In public schools, the language the class taught depends on its territory. In Barcelona or Valencia, classes are taught in Catalan and Valencian respectively, and in Galacia and Basque Country, Gallego and Basque respectively. Some public schools are bilingual. Classes are taught in Spanish or regional languages ​​in some schools. And English, French or German can be taught as a second language, depending on the school. Public schools in Spain have grown and qualified for students studying abroad, but they are not on the same level as private institutions.
Catalonia
In Catalonia, language has been associated with identity. After the 1970s, when Spain became a democracy, Catalonia was granted the right to its own educational system. The whole region shifted from teaching in Spanish to Catalan. Since then, education is taught only in Catalan. However, by 2013, the national education bill has been passed so that some instruction in the school should be taught in Spanish.
Private school
Private schools in Spain vary, some schools teach entirely in Spanish, some Catholic schools, others are private and two-language schools and some international schools emphasize the second language, generally English. State-sponsored private schools ( educaciÃÆ'³n concertada ) are required to follow the Spanish syllabus, while international schools are free to follow other curriculum that usually comes from other countries such as the US or the UK. Private schools tend to be more expensive especially in Barcelona or Madrid. Fees include tuition as well as school supplies and uniforms.
Some curriculums include:
- The Bachillerato (Spanish)
- GCSE/A-level English exam
- US high school diploma, SAT, ACT, or AP exam score
- International Baccalaureate Diploma
Up to middle level
Once students finish Bachillerato, they can take their University Entrance Exam ( Pruebas de Acceso a la Universidad , PAU, popularly called Selectividad ), which differs greatly from region to region others.
Prime education (EducaciÃÆ'³n Primaria)
Divided into two stages:
- Primaria (Spanish for "primary and secondary school": kindergartens or first to sixth grade)
- Secundaria (Spanish for "high school": grades six to eight)
In elementary school, children learn the following subjects:
- Natural science
- Social sciences
- Mathematics
- Languages ​​and Spanish Literature
- First Foreign Language
- Art
- Physical education
- Second Foreign Language
- Social Value and Citizenship
There is another difference between primary and secondary schools:
- The playground is replaced with a page.
- Breaks into free periods, used for study or rest from school work. From grade nine, students may be able to drop out of school during this period if the school admits it.
SMU (ESO y Bachillerato)
The ESO or EducaciÃÆ'³n Secundaria Obligatoria consists of 4 years, compiled as two cycles:
- First Cycle: 1, 2, and 3 years
- Second Cycle: Year 4
Bachillerato consists of 2 years (the first and second year)
In high school, there are many changes and options introduced. Subjects remained roughly the same as primary schools, with little variation depending on the region.
The next two years, known as Bachillerato or Bachiller, are not mandatory, as education is only mandatory in Spain until the 16-year-old student. The last two years in high school is necessary if students want to attend college later.
Terms and Costs
Schools in Spain can be divided into 3 categories:
- State School (colegios pÃÆ'Âbledos)
- State-funded private schools
- Pure private school (colegios privados)
According to summary data for 2008-2009 from ministries, state-educated schools 67.4%, private but state-funded schools 26.0%, and private schools purely 6.6% of students in the previous year.
All non-university country education is free in Spain, but parents have to buy all their children's books and materials. This, at least nominally, also applies to colegios concertados . Many schools are concertados , countries funded to the end Primaria but purely private for high school years. The decrease in student fractions in educaciÃÆ'³n concertada is offset by similar size increases in the fractions in both countries and purely personal education for ESO and Bachillerato.
There are private schools for all compulsory majors. On them, parents have to pay monthly/yearly/yearly fees. Most of these schools are run by religious orders, and also include schools of one sex.
Schools provide a list of what is needed at the start of each school year and which will include art and craft materials as well as textbooks and exercises. From 2009, this figure is around Ã, Â £ 300 and in 2011 closer Ã, Â £ 500; in 2011, the average book costs 170 euros for preschool and 300 euros for elementary school students. In some areas, autonomous governments provide tokens to be exchanged at bookstores for free. It was adapted in 2006 in areas, such as Andalusia, where children aged 3 to 10 years will get the book for free, in subsequent years are expected for all mandatory years. School uniforms are usually not used in public schools but are usually used in private schools.
Usually, Primaria is studied in colegio and ESO and Bachillerato are studied at instituto . However, some schools only teach elementary schools (K-6). In addition, K-12 schools also exist, although they are private schools or private schools funded by the State ( (colegios concertados)
Reception to publicly funded school
Details of publicly funded school receipts vary from autonomous community to autonomous community.
Madrid
In Madrid, there is a very uniform acceptance process for state-funded schools, both colegios pÃÆ'ºblicos and colegios concertados. Here the main admission procedure for students wishing to join the school in the fall is done in the spring of the year.
Parents can choose the school where they want to send their child. Not infrequently there are inadequate places in popular schools for all children who are requested places. In such a case, the premises are allocated according to strictly defined revenue criteria as defined in Appendix IX for orders establishing the process.
Extremadura
The royal decisions governing the same process at Extremadura include acceptance criteria that are arranged in a very similar way but differ in the number of points allocated, especially for a place to stay near the school.
AndalucÃÆ'a
Similar decisions for 2007 governing the same process in Andalusia are very different in how to allocate points.
School term
Generally similar to the three English term system, but with a slightly shorter holiday at Christmas (December 22 - January 7) and Easter (one week - 40 days after Ash Wednesday), and longer in summer (usually from 23 June to 15 September). In 2005, the summer vacation runs from June 22 to September 1-15, depending on the region. Half-term British vacations do not exist, but there are frequent odd days and long weekends mainly related to religious holidays and national and regional holidays. Schools use the trimester system (September to December, January to March/April, March/April to June).
International education
In January 2015, International Schools Consultancy (ISC) enrolled Spain with 210 international schools. The ISC defines 'international schools' in the following terms. "ISCs include international schools if schools provide a curriculum for any combination of preschool, primary or secondary students, in whole or in English in English, or in schools in which English is one of the official languages, offers an English-language curriculum other than the country's national curriculum and is international in orientation. "This definition is used by publications including The Economist. In 1977, the International Baccalaureureate authorized the first school in Spain to teach the Diploma Program. There are now 86 IB World Schools in Spain, of which 71 schools provide international education but in Spanish.
See also
- Academic Award in Spain
- AsociaciÃÆ'³n de Inspectores de Educación
- Open access in Spain
References
External links
- Spanish Education Department (Spain)
- Spanish Study Guide for International Students
- Spanish courses and universities
- School and University Guide to Study in Spain
- Spanish Ministry of Education, Political Social, and Sports In Spain.
- Information on education in Spain, OECD - Contains indicators and information about Spain and how it compares to other OECD and non-OECD countries
- Diagram of the Spanish education system, OECD - Using the 1997 ISCED classification of programs and typical ages. Also in Spanish
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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