The North End of Halifax is the neighborhood in Halifax, Nova Scotia which occupies the northern part of the Halifax Peninsula immediately north of Downtown Halifax. This area once belonged to the historic area of ​​Africville, and some of it was severely damaged by the Explosion at Halifax during World War I. Recently this area has undergone gentrification, and now has many trendy shops and restaurants.
Video North End, Halifax
Geography
The northern part of the Halifax Peninsula consists of a thin soil produced from glacial deposits, as well as outcroppings of the dark sedimentary debris known as iron stone. The entire peninsula has no significant surface water, unlike the northeast and southwest of Halifax Harbor (East Coast and South Coast).
At a height of 60 m, Citadel Hill is the highest point on the peninsula and when combined with a vast and undeveloped park in North Common, creates a physical boundary that separates the various environments. Fort Needham is another glacial drumlin located in the heart of North End. Boundary
The so-called "North End" neighborhood by Halifax residents is bordered on the east by "The Narrows" of Halifax Harbor and north by Bedford Basin. Other boundaries are not very clear, but the western boundary of the neighborhood is generally agreed to be the Windsor road. The southern boundary is, traditionally, the northern boundary of the original Halifax settlement of General Cornwallis along the slopes of Citadel Hill (now Cogswell Road), and continues along the northern edge of the Common North to Quinpool Road.
The northern border continues to migrate to the Bedford Basin since the establishment of Halifax. The initial limit ends on North Street, just as the South End ends on South Street. Another community further north is Richmond, and is located on the eastern slopes of Fort Needham. Further north of Richmond, at the end of Campbell Road, there is the Africville black community.
At the end of the 19th century, perceptions of the North End generally included Richmond. After the total destruction of the Halifax Explosion (December 1917), Richmond never again regained his individual identity. This region experienced significant rebuilding during the inter-war period and gradually became an extension of the original North End.
Africville survived as a separate community until the 1960s when it was destroyed by the city authorities and its inhabitants were relocated, much to a public housing project such as Uniacke Square. With the removal of Africville, the public perception of the northern boundary was then extended to the coast in the Bedford Basin.
During that same period of time, the perception of the southern boundary became less clear, with some contradictions in the North End beginning at North Street, and that the original northern edge was actually part of central Halifax.
Maps North End, Halifax
History
The North End of Halifax begins as a northern agricultural expansion from central Halifax as German Jewish settlers arrived. This became the industrial focus in Halifax with the construction of the Nova Scotia Railway in the 1850s located at its northern end terminal. Factories such as Acadia Sugar Refinery, Hillis & amp; Sons Foundry, and Nova Scotia Cotton Company following the manufacture of North End manufacturing focus in Halifax. The railroad growth intensified with the further extension of railroads into the North End and development in 1878 from the magnificent North Street Station, the largest station east of Montreal.
Wharves warehouses lined the waterfront, along with the city prison in Rockhead and major defense installations such as HMC Dockyard and Stadacona (formerly HMCS Stadacona and Wellington Barracks, now part of the Halifax CFB). Much of this infrastructure, together with the Richmond neighborhood, was damaged or destroyed in a catastrophic crash on December 6, 1917, commonly referred to as the Halifax Blast.
The explosion blast saw the north of North Street flattened and new roads laid over the old road pattern. New housing construction sees the creation of historic Hydrostone environments, built during the construction of relief after the disaster. Today the warning bells at Fort Needham, discovered from a church that did not survive the event, can be heard in the wreckage and monuments for the disaster. The Memorial was designed by Nova Scotia architect Keith L. Graham. The Halifax Shipyard was built in 1918 next to the Navy Shipyard, which increasingly championed the industrial character of the North End.
The Halifax North Memorial Public Library, also designed by Graham, opened in 1966 to commemorate the victims of the explosion. Located on GÃÆ'¶ttingen Street, south of North Street, this library offers a friendly environment as well as programs that greatly reflect the diversity of people.
The Seaview Park in the Bedford Basin is an Africville site, a former African-Canadian community that is a safe haven for African slaves who come to Canada. This community was demolished in the 1960s before the proposed urban rebuilding that would see new highways and the construction of the A. Murray MacKay Bridge, although community land was never used in the proposed port expansion. In the next controversy it was designated as a park.
The deprivation of Africville is often characterized as an example of institutional racism in Halifax. The city authorities justify the destruction of Africville by citing the living conditions of poor communities, although historically refused to extend those services to the public.
The looting of Africville allows industrial development in the area and for the advancement of the city's traffic network, with the construction of a 'new' bridge. Africville people and descendants are scattered among several public housing projects in the North End, as well as to other parts of Halifax and Dartmouth.
Features
Commercial center
Gottingen Street is the commercial and entertainment heart of the North End. It is home to many shops, bars, clubs and venues.
In 1950, the four Gottingen blocks closest to the city center were home to over 130 companies, including two cinemas.
The streets declined because the peninsula lost its population during the second half of the 20th century, and as a result of car-oriented urban renewal schemes. Many nearby residences were demolished when the northern part of Barrington Street was converted into a highway to serve the Macdonald Bridge, and when the Cogswell Interchange was built. In addition, several blocks of houses and apartment buildings were destroyed in 1958 in an attempt to improve protection at Gottingen by providing additional car parking. Seven new parking spaces were built, displacing locals into other areas, but according to Dalhousie University study, this "has no positive impact on the vitality of the commercial district of Gottingen Road".
The population of the Gottingen Street area declined from a high of 11,939 (1951) to a low of 4,494 (1996). However, in recent years, the trend has reversed as more housing was built in the area and because of the vacant lot has been developed. The population has increased substantially since the 1990s, resulting in a new mix of open business.
A few blocks away from Agricola Street, which runs parallel to Gottingen Street, is another commercial district that houses many local shops, restaurants and galleries. It also benefited from the construction of new housing that has increased the local population. The Hydrostone shops serve as a commercial center in the northern North End.
Historic Buildings
The North End is home to several historic churches. The Little Dutch Church, adapted as a church in 1756, is the second oldest building in town. St. John's Church George is a unique round church on the corner of Brunswick and Cornwallis Roads completed in 1801.
After the church was burned to death in 1994, Prince Charles, who visited him in 1983 with Princess Diana, was among those who contributed to the reconstruction. The restoration was completed in 2000. St. Patrick's Church, also on Brunswick Street, was founded in 1843 and rebuilt in its present form in 1885. The Church of Africville, founded in 1849 and leveled under the shadows of darkness in 1969, was reconstructed in 2011 as part of Africville Apology.
The Halifax Armory, on North Park Street, is a National Historic Site. The massive Romanesque Revival building resembles an old castle, but boasts much of the technological innovation when it opened in 1899, including the application of electrical and skeletal structures that allow a vast interior space with no columns or walls. HMCS Stadacona is home to a number of other historic military buildings.
Military installations
The North End is home to several military installations within the Halifax CFB, the country's largest military base. His Canadian Dockyard (HMC Dockyard Halifax) is a vast complex that occupies the edge of the quayside next to the traditional North End. Stadacona, on the opposite side of Barrington Street, is host to barracks and a host of support facilities housed in historic and modern structures. In the midst of the peninsula, away from the shoreline, Windsor Park and Willow Park are home to basic transportation and supplies, housing, the Canadian Forces Troop System, the Curling Club, Military Police, and the Military Family Resources Center.
The North End is also home to the Halifax Shipyard, located just north of HMC Dockyard. Founded in 1889, the shipyard has built many ships for the Royal Canadian Navy and is the largest full-service shipyard on the east coast. In 2011 the shipyard was chosen to build a new naval fighter fleet, consisting of 21 ships costing $ 25 billion over 30 years. Irving Shipbuilding, the owner of the shipyard, has upgraded the $ 300 million facility, which boasts that Halifax will have "the most modern shipyard in North America". The shipbuilding contract is expected to employ between 2,000 and 2,500 people at the peak of construction in 2021.
Reputation
In recent years, North End has become a popular destination for growing university residents in Halifax. When the price of apartments closer to Dalhousie University and Saint Mary's University continues to increase, and as transportation costs have declined due to the introduction of U-pass, students find cheaper accommodation in the North End.
It has spawned a thriving art community, with many painters, musicians and writers lured to this colorful part of the city.
However, the North End is often associated with problems of crime and poverty. Its historic reputation as a blue collar area, the Canadian Canadians and the working class remains the focus of much of the local population, especially older citizens. Hugh MacLennan, in his 1941 novel on the Halifax Explosion, the Rising Barometer describes North End as "always Catholic and poor". Land use has been determined by the proximity of the Halifax CFB naval base and additional facilities, as well as the Halifax Shipyard, the destruction of the 1917 boom, all of which contribute to the stock of residential and commercial buildings that are now old. usually smaller and lower rated values ​​than other areas in the metropolitan area. Socio-economically, the destruction of explosions and the concentration of military and industry in the neighborhood saw a middle-class escape to other uninhabited areas of housing during the early 20th century, leading to a decline in North End reputation.
Low rents in smaller residential and commercial properties have contributed to the trend toward gentrification in recent decades, often spearheaded by arts organizations, cultures and activists. The recent housing boom in the early 21st century has again reappreciated the property on the Halifax peninsula.
This area has become home to organizations such as Bloomfield Center, North By North End, Grainery Food Co-Op, Zine Archives Library, Turnstile Pottery Cooperative, Nova Scotia Youth Project, and North End Community Marriage Association. Plans are underway for the redevelopment of Bloomfield Center.
Education
- Citadel High School
- Ecole Oxford School
- Highland Park Junior High
- Joseph Howe Elementary School
- Nova Scotia Community College
- Shambhala School
- St. Joseph McKay Elementary School
- St. Stephen Elementary School
Community facilities
- Bloomfield Center
- Centennial Pond
- Citadel Community Center
- Devonshire Arena
- George Dixon Center
- North Memorial Library of Halifax
- The Needham Center
- Needham Pool
Note
Further reading
- Paul A. Erickson, Halifax's North End: An anthropologist looking at the town Hantsport: Lancelot Press, 1987.
External links
- Northern Business Association
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments