The Fairfax Public School (abbreviated FCPS ) is the school division of the Commonwealth of the United States in Virginia. It is a branch of the Fairfax County administration that runs public schools in Fairfax County and City of Fairfax. The FCPS headquarters is located at the Gatehouse Administration Center in Merrifield, an unrelated section of the county near the town of Falls Church; the headquarters has the Falls Church address but is not within the city limits. All Fairfax County Public Schools are accredited through the Association of School Boards and Southern Schools on Accreditation and School Enhancement.
With over 180,000 students enrolled, FCPS is Virginia's largest public school system, as well as the largest in the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area. The school division is headed by Superintendent Division Head Dr. Scott Brabrand. Dr. Brabrand was appointed Superintendent in June 2017. The school division is the country's 10th largest school system and by 2017 maintains the seventh largest school bus fleet of the school system in the United States.
Video Fairfax County Public Schools
History
The public school system in Fairfax County was created after the Civil War with the adoption by Virginia of the state constitution of Reconstruction in 1870, which gave for the first time that free public education was a constitutional right. The first Superintendent of the School for Fairfax County was Thomas M. Moore, who was inaugurated on 26 September 1870.
At the time of its formation, the Fairfax County Public School system comprised of 41 schools, 28 white schools and 13 color schools.
In 1886, Milton D. Hall was appointed as an inspector. He will serve for 44 years until his retirement in 1929.
Fairfax County Schools, like most school systems in the south school that practice de jure segregation. There is a local elementary school for black students but not high school. Although Fairfax is a densely populated area, there are some Negro high school students who are proportionate. Fairfax, Prince William, Loudon, Arlington, and Fauquier Counties share high school for black students. The school is located between counties in Manassas. Others attend high school in Washington D.C., where many have relatives. The schools are Armstrong Middle School, Cardozo High School, Dunbar High School, and Phelps Vocational Center in Washington DC. In 1951 Fairfax County, at the request of the population for high school, started the construction of the Luther Jackson School. The opening coincided with Brown's decision passed in 1954.
In 1954, FCPS had 42 primary schools and six secondary schools. That year, Luther Jackson Secondary School, a junior high school for black students, opened at Falls Church.
Massive Resistance
Supreme Court ruling at Brown v. Board of Education (1954) ordered an end to racial segregation. In response, the Commonwealth of Virginia immediately enacted a law to halt the process of desegregation, take over all schools in Virginia, and was forced to close the school system that attempted to decipher it. When Arlington County announced early efforts on the desegregation plan, its school board was dismissed by the State Education Council. In 1955, the Fairfax School Board, renamed "Desegregation Committee" became the "Separation Committee" after a petition and a series of litigation from a civilian group called the "Virginia Citizens Committee for a Better School". After the decision of the Education Council of Brown VS Daniel Duke who wrote Education Empire wrote: "Whether a local school system like Fairfax County is left alone, going forward to implement desegregation in the late 50s will never be known Richmond pushed aside any possibilities of local options. "It is recognized in the court case that the state is running the show, not the region. The decision of the court stated: "Before the Brown County decision Fairfax defended the dual school system: one for Negro students, one for all other races.A shortly afterwards the placement of all the children at the Fairfax County school was taken from the local School Board and given to the State Placement Council.Placement of permanent students with State councils up to the school year 1961-62, where time placement responsibilities are reinvested at the local School Board Fairfax County begins their desegregation efforts shortly thereafter.
As early as 1955 it was noted that at the Virginia General Assembly: Delegates from Northern Virginia openly opposed Stanley's plan as well as call for legislation even more radically. The 10th District of Virginia is the only congressional district that voted against the Gray Plan. Delegate Boatwright also introduced another bill aimed at correcting the unusual views of the northern Virginians. Boatwright legislation will prohibit certain federal employees from working on the school board or holding other local offices. The essence of this bill, called "Bill Boatwright" is unquestionably aimed at Northern Virginia and the School Board. Boatwright himself said that his bill affects all Virginia communities but admits that Northern Virginia is most affected. The reason for the bill was because they felt that Federal Employees supported the Federal government's position on integration. 7 members of the Fairfax County School Board include four Federal employees.
In Blackwell v. Fairfax County School Board (1960), Negro plaintiffs allege that Fairfax's year-to-year plans are discriminatory and ratified. Fifteen Negro children have been denied entry into white schools because they are not included in the class determined by the School Board's assignment plan. The plaintiffs managed to convince that the speed of desegregation was too slow under the school board plan. In accepting the plaintiff's argument, District Judge Albert V. Bryan did not surely rule out the plan. Instead, he stressed that they should be judged according to the character of society. Since the Negro school population in County Fairfax is less than four percent, Bryan considers the fear of racial friction as an unacceptable justification for such a careful desegregation plan.
The 1962 Civil Rights Commission report found that "Every sign indicates that communities in northern Virginia will be the first in the State to achieve compliance with mandates in School Separation Cases." In the end Fairfax County is one of the first school systems in the country to be awarded funds to assist with the desegregation due to their efforts to implement a separate system.
The Fairfax County School Board chose to switch from 7-5 to 6-2-4 class configuration levels in 1958, requiring the creation of what was then called secondary school for students in grades 7 and 8. By the time the first eight high schools opened in the season fall in 1960, they have more than 1000 capacity of their students.
In the fall of 1960, the first black students were admitted to the newly separated public school. Jerald R. Betz and Raynard Wheeler are listed at Belvedere Elementary School in Falls Church, and Gwendolyn Brooks is enrolled at the Cedar Lane Elementary School in Vienna.
The switch to the 6-2-4 plan was the last major initiative of Superintendent W. T. Woodson, who retired in 1961, after serving in 32 years of the second longest term as head of the Fairfax County Public School system.
In April 1961, Wilmington, North Carolina Superintendent Earl C. Funderburk was appointed head of department to replace Woodson.
Post-segregation
In early 1965, Superintendent Funderburk was discussing plans to decentralize FCPS. In 1967, Funderburk had drafted plans for five regional offices, serving each part of the county, and had appointed Woodson High School Principal Robert E. Phipps and West Springfield High School Principal S. John Davis as his first two administrators in December..
Although the school board has authorized the Funderburk plan, they have also hired consulting firm Cresap, McCormick & amp; Paget to audit organization and operation of system management. In 1968, on the recommendation of their consultants, the school board placed a significant modified version of the current decentralization plan, dividing the FCPS into four areas of the miniature school system.
In January of the following year, Funderburk resigned, notifying the school board that he did not want a third term as head of department. The school board chose Dr. Lawrence M. Watts from the Greek School District in New York to take control of the Fairfax County Schools system, which had grown during the Funderburk leadership period from 65,000 to 122,000 students, in May 1969.
In May of 1970, Dr. Watts appointed Taylor M. Williams as the first junior high school principal since FCPS has split, placing Williams in charge of James Madison High School in Vienna.
The appointment of Watts Williams will be one of his last official actions. After less than a year as the supervisor, Dr. Watts died, aged 44, due to a heart attack at his home in Oakton in June 1970. Superintendent Assistant S. Barry Morris was elected a temporary supervisor while the school council sought a replacement to lead 130,000 people. student school system.
The board does not have to search far for their new supervisor. In September 1970, the Superintendent Area of ​​S. John Davis was selected following a nationwide search to serve the remaining 33 months of the four-year period. Watts.
During the mid-1970s, Davis had a double difficulty facing demographic collapse as well as population shifts. The student population fell from a high of 145,385 in the 1974-75 academic year to the lowest at 122,646 in 1982-1983. In addition, families migrated from the eastern and central parts of the already established country to more recent developments in the west and south, leading to the unpleasant task of Davis having to ask for the closure of some schools while needing to build new ones elsewhere.
In 6-5 votes, the school board voted in May 1976 to re-institute textbook lease fees, hoping to raise an additional $ 1.3 million to cover the projected budget shortfall. The plan was canceled two months later, in July, when the council was able to find a $ 1.4 million surplus.
In 1978, Fairfax County began implementing the six-point standard six-year standard enforcement scale, which also had ten points scattered at the bottom of the assessment range. The rating scale, originally set in 1963, provided that the 100-94% score was A, 93-87% B, 86-80% a C, and 70-79% D, with a score below 70% of an F.
The county school board adopted a $ 279 million budget in February 1979 that included a 5.15% live cost increase in salary for system teachers and other employees. However, this increase is only slightly more than half the rate of inflation, which is at an annual rate of 9.9% that month, and is much shorter than the 9.4% increase that has been sought by FCPS employees. In April 1979, the Fairfax Education Association, a professional association representing teachers in the area, adopted a work-to-rule action, which meant that teachers would not do any work outside of 7.5 hours per day on contract. In addition, FEA gave a no-confidence vote to Superintendent Davis.
The lack of confidence was seen as a major factor in Davis's decision to resign from Fairfax County Public Schools on May 18, 1979 and accepted appointment as Virginia Superintendent of Public Education from Governor John N. Dalton, despite having to take $ 5,000 per year pay cut.
After Davis's resignation, the Fairfax District School Board appointed Deputy Principal Supervisor William J. Burkholder as interim supervisor.
In November 1979, the School Board named Orange County, Florida superintendent L. Linton Deck Jr. as supervisor after a four-month search. Deck has been a divisive figure for 6 1/2 years in Orange County, with some residents glad to see him leave, while others praise him as a strong and professional leader.
Deck inherited the need to shut down the underutilized school that had previously struck Inspector Davis. 29 primary schools, mostly in the eastern part of the county, were studied for possible closures, but Deck's recommendation in April 1980 was for eight schools to be closed, five more than the recommended panel of studies. The following month, the school board chose to close seven of the eight schools at a meeting on May 22, 1980, a move greeted with angry hiss and boos from the parents present.
The work for regulatory acts by Fairfax County teachers that began in April 1979 finally ended in May 1980.
Superintendent Linton Deck accepted a new four-year contract as Superintendent of Fairfax County Public Schools in January 1981. Shortly before accepting his new contract, Deck proposed making a $ 2.75 million share of his proposed $ 395 million budget in 1982 by institutionalizing fees rent textbooks for students. Although authorized by Virginia law, the plan, which includes a textbook cost of $ 22 for elementary school students up to $ 30 per year for high school students, is discarded in the face of harsh criticism.
The controversy over Deck's handling of recruitment investigation investigations by the athletic department of Mount Vernon High School, his criticism by the Fairfax Education Association for inappropriate school closures, unhappiness with his personal leadership style, characterized as "aggressive" and "harsh", and pressure from the Supervisory Board Fairfax County angered by Deck's budget led the school board to force Deck to resign on June 24, 1982, just 1½ years into his four-year contract. The council appoints William J. Burkholder as acting chief.
At the April 25, 1991 meeting, the school board approved a plan in which the district high school, which for the previous 31 years only served seventh and eighth grade, would add sixth graders and become secondary school. Three high schools, Glasgow, Holmes and Poe, add sixth grade.
In 1993, a four-year-old salary for teacher services was delayed due to budget cuts, and the school board decided to end the program entirely over the next four years at the March 11 meeting.
From 1965 to 2006, the county school system was headquartered at 1,000 Page Avenue in an area unrelated to the area completely surrounded by Fairfax City. In 2006, FCPS moved all its operations from the Burkholder Center, as well as from several other offices owned by the school and rented, to an office building on Gatehouse Road.
The school system has been expanded to include more than 196 schools and centers, including 22 secondary schools, 3 secondary schools, 23 secondary schools, and 141 primary schools. Fairfax County Public Schools (FCPS) also operates a fleet of over 1520 school buses, carrying 110,000 students daily. They operate with an operating budget of $ 2.5 billion, through various funding sources. Today, FCPS is Virginia's largest school system, and the 10th largest in the United States. It also offers an average timely graduation rate of 91.3%, along with an average SAT score of 1659. The school district uses an electronic visitor management system to control visitor access in its schools.
Special education
FCPS took over the education of students with mental disabilities from a parent-run cooperative in 1953. Parents had started the program in 1950, using whatever space could be found to educate their children, but ultimately asked FCPS to control the program.
Special education classes for mentally disabled students expanded in 1955 to four classes for "educated" children (those with a mental age above 7) in Groveton, Lincolnia, Oakton and Luther Jackson schools, and a class to "train" (those who have a mental age of less than 6½) children in Groveton.
Maps Fairfax County Public Schools
Debate on the scoring policy
Fairfax County Public Schools are known for their use of a 6-point assessment scale. Prior to May 7, 2009, 94-100% received A, 90-93% were B, 84-89% were B, and so on.
In 2008, the parent group raised concerns about whether the FCPS method of calculating value and applying weights to advanced courses are adverse for FCPS applicants for admissions in college, honors program placements, and award-winning scholarships.
On January 2, 2009, Superintendent Jack D. Dale announced his decision on this issue, recommending changing the weight of advanced courses but maintaining a six point scoring scale. Dale stated there is no conclusive proof that the six point scoring scale is not favorable for FCPS students.
Fairfax County Public Schools works with parent groups to jointly investigate this issue. On January 22, 2009, the FCPS School Board directed Inspector Dale to report back to him with a new version of the assessment scale in March 2009. The Board also agreed to change the weight for Honors to be 0.5 effective with the 2009-2010 school year and for the AP and IB courses to 1.0 retroactively.
Upon investigation, the Fairfax County School Board approved a modified ten-point scale, complete with pluses and minuses. The new scale comes into effect at the beginning of the 2009-10 school year. 93-100% are A, 90-92% are A-, and 87-89% are B, and so on.
Controversy over disciplinary policies
Fairfax County Public Schools disciplinary policies for drug offenses came under community supervision beginning in 2009, after two students separately committed suicide after being subjected to a school disciplinary process. Josh Anderson of 17-year-old South Lakes High School, who died in 2009, and Nick Stuban is 15 years old from W.T. Woodson High School, who died in 2011, has been suspended from their school for a marijuana-related offense. The school district also suspends at least one student for having his or her own prescription.
Although then Superintendent Jack D. Dale argued that disciplinary policies do not constitute "zero tolerance", but suicide encourages school boards and state legislatures to review school discipline policies. After studying for a year, the school board chooses to relax the penalty for possession of marijuana and add parental notice requirements for students facing severe disciplinary sanctions.
School
The Newsweek ranking does not include Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology before 2010 because it is a selective school. Prior to 2010, Newsweek recognized him as one of America's "public elite" high schools for having few or no average students.
SMA
- SMA Annandale (Atom)
- Centerville High School (Wildcats)
- Chantilly Secondary School (Filled)
- Thomas Alva Edison High School (Eagles)
- Fairfax Middle School (Rebels)
- Falls Church High School (Jaguars)
- Herndon High School (Hornet)
- SMA Langley (Saxon)
- Robert E. Lee High School (Lancers)
- James Madison High School (Warhawks)
- George C. Marshall High School (Negarawan)
- McLean High School (Highlanders)
- Mount Vernon High School (Department)
- Oakton High School (Cougars)
- South County High School (Horse)
- South Lakes High School (Seahawks)
- J. E. B. Stuart High School (Raiders)
- Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology (Colonial)
- West Potomac High School (Wolverines)
- West Springfield High School (Spartan)
- Westfield High School (Bulldogs)
High school
- Hayfield Secondary School (Hawks)
- Braddock Lake Medium School (Bruins)
- Robinson Secondary School (Rams)
Alternative secondary school
High school
- Carl Sandburg Middle School
- Edgar Allen Poe Middle School
- Ellen Glasgow Elementary School
- Francis Scott Key Middle School
- Franklin Middle School (Falcons) Falcons)
- Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Middle School
- Herndon Middle School
- James Fenimore Cooper Middle School
- Joyce Kilmer Middle School
- Langston Hughes Middle School
- Sidney Lanier Middle School
- Freedom Intermediate School
- Luther Jackson Secondary School
- Mark Twain Middle School
- Oliver Wendell Holmes Secondary School
- Ormond Stone School
- High School Rachel Carson
- Robert Frost Middle School
- Rocky Run Secondary School
- South County Secondary School
- Thoreau Secondary School
- Walt Whitman Secondary School
- Washington Irving High School
Primary school
There are 141 primary schools in Fairfax County:
Special education center
Alternative interagency schools
Secondhand
- High School Clifton
- Clifton Elementary School
School for Black Children:
- Luther Jackson High School
- Cub Run Colored School
- Eleven Oaks Colored School (torn down, now residential development site Eleven Oaks)
Transportation
FCPS operates a fleet of over 1,800 school buses. The fleet consists of buses from 2001 to 2018. FCPS operates the following bus models:
Transportation is divided into several different offices. Area 1, Area 2, Area 3, and Area 4 are regional offices serving various regions of the area. Area 1 serves the furthest south, Area 2 serves the south center, Area 3 serves the north center, and Area 4 serves the furthest north area. The head office oversees all the lower offices and training centers. The last office is Routing and Planning which makes bus routes. Routing and Planning, also known as Area 7, maintains its own vehicle fleet. The white van and car from Area 7 transport students with special needs to special public and private schools throughout the region.
Three garages serve buses: Alban, Newington, and West Ox.
See also
- List of Fairfax County Public School high schools
- List of school divisions in Virginia
References
- Russell-Porte, Evelyn Darnell. "HISTORY OF EDUCATION FOR STUDENTS BLACK IN FAIRFAX COUNTY BEFORE 1954" (Archive). PhD Dissertation. University of Virginia Tech. July 19, 2000.
Note
External links
- Fairfax County Public School
- Archive fcps.k12.va.us
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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