Tourism in Mexico is a big industry. Since the 1960s has been promoted heavily by the Mexican government, as "an industry without a chimney." Mexico has traditionally been one of the most visited countries in the world according to the World Tourism Organization, and it is the second most visited country in America, after the United States. By 2017, Mexico is ranked 8th as the most visited country in the world for tourism activities. Mexico has a large number of UNESCO World Heritage sites with lists including ancient ruins, colonial cities, and nature reserves, as well as numerous modern public and private architectural works. Mexico has attracted foreign visitors beginning in the early nineteenth century, cultural festivals, colonial towns, nature reserves and beach resorts. The country's climate climate and unique culture - European and Mesomeric fusion appeals to tourists. The peak tourist season in the country is during the months of December and mid-summer, with a brief spurt during the week before Easter and Spring Holidays, when many beach resort sites become popular destinations for students from the United States.
The majority of tourists come to Mexico from the United States and Canada. Other visitors come from Europe and Asia. A small number of tourists also come from other Latin American countries.
Video Tourism in Mexico
History of tourism
Tourism in Mexico developed following the formation of the Mexican republic, with writings by Alexander von Humboldt, Frannie CalderÃÆ'³n de la Barca, wife of the Spanish Ambassador to Mexico; John Lloyd Stephens, and Edward B. Tylor become important to attract more travelers. Tourists from the United States began to pour into Mexico in numbers beginning in the 1880s, following the construction of a direct rail line in Mexico to the US border. General Porfirio DÃÆ'az became president of Mexico with a coup in 1876, the beginning of a long period of peace in Mexico after decades of civil war. With the inauguration of Pullman services directly from the US to Mexico in 1884, travelers no longer experienced difficult and dangerous journeys. The Mexican Train Center is actively promoting tourism in the United States, employing a professional photographer, William Henry Jackson, to visually record routes and professional writers, James W. Steel, to write promotional copies. Guides for English-speaking tourists were also published, notably Terry's Guide to Mexico, which went through several editions in the early twentieth century. Mexico appeals to American tourists looking for an "exotic" getaway. It was promoted in 1890 as "Egypt the New World." With the 1910 century Mexico's independence, the government conducted excavations and reconstructions of the Solar Pyramid at the large archaeological site of Teotihuacan, near Mexico City. The railway line was built from the capital to the site, bringing in experts from the 1910 International Congress of Americanists meeting. In addition, the National Museum of Anthropology was renewed before the celebration, to anticipate tourists. Mexico is a beneficiary of the rising tourism of Europeans and Americans to distant lands. In Mexico, many tourists bring home genuine or fake relics, and often leave graffiti.
The Mexican Revolution (1910-1920) interrupted tourism in Mexico, but in the 1930s, the Mexican government began promoting tourism again with posters of young, light-skinned women and lush gardens. In the 1920s and 30s, there were "a lot of Mexican things" in the United States, which resulted in cultural exchanges, temporary and permanent art exhibitions, and patronage of Mexican artists, such as the mural of Diego Rivera and José Clemente Orozco.
The Mexican government develops beach resorts in Acapulco and CancÃÆ'ºn for tourists. The importance of tourism in Mexico is viewed as having a cabinet-level position. Attracting tourists from developed countries encourages the construction of upscale hotels, especially by US hotel chains. San Miguel de Allende, Guanajuato was developed as an artist colony. Unlike beach resorts developed by the Mexican government, San Miguel is promoted to be a tourist by the locals.
Beginning at the end of the 20th century, Mexico has been wary of international places to protect tourist destinations such as archaeological sites, colonial cities and natural wonders through UNESCO World Heritage Sites. With the inauguration of UNESCO's Unique Cultural Heritage program, Mexico has certified the importance of Days of the Dead (2003) culture, Mexican cuisine (2010), mariachi music (2011), and charrerÃÆ'a (2016), among others. Personal philanthropy has played an important role in the preservation and recovery of a number of Mexican sites, most prominently by businessman Carlos Slim, whose Foundation for the Historical Center of Mexico City ( FundaciÃÆ'³n del Centro HistÃÆ'³rico de la Ciudad de MÃÆ'Ã… © xico ) has made a significant difference in the historical core of the capital, including security issues.
Political violence and chaos in Mexico has been a problem affecting travel and tourism. The years of the Porfirio DÃÆ'az regime (1876-1911) saw a decline in violence and the rise of tourism. The Mexican Revolution of 1910-20 was a major civil war, but after that the Mexican government reached a level of internal security that saw the emergence of tourism and cultural exchanges in the 1920s and 1930s. In recent years, with drug wars in Mexico, US State Department travel advisers have warned travelers of danger in some areas of the country.
Maps Tourism in Mexico
Tourist Guide and web-based resources
Mexican travel guides from Wikivoyage
There are a number of useful manuals for Mexican tourist sites, including Michelin Green Guide, Lonely Planet, Rough Guide, Fodor's, Frommer's and Baedeker. Mexico tourist agency has a website with lots of resources. Travel websites vary in quality and usefulness. The English-language Wikipedia sister project on the way, Wikivoyage, was launched in 2013 and has information on Mexican tourism in general as well as special travel information for a number of tourist destinations in Mexico.
The competitiveness of the tourism industry
In a report on the 2017 Travel and Travel Competitiveness Index (TTCI), a measurement of the factors that make it attractive to develop the business in the travel and tourism industries of each country, Mexico is ranked 22nd in the world rankings, with a 43rd ranked tour service infrastructure; price competitiveness 63; health and hygiene, 72; safety and security, 113; environmental sustainability, 116.
Statistics
Most visitors who arrive to Mexico by air for tourism come from the following countries:
City and destinations
Mexico has different geographic and cultural areas. Much of Mexico City in Central and South Mexico was the center of the indigenous population in the pre-Hispanic era and became the administrative center during the colonial era (1521-1821), with churches, government buildings, and elite dwellings. Some cities in Northern Mexico were established in the colonial era or the nineteenth century, but have become increasingly important with the expansion of Mexican industry (Monterrey), and cross-border trade with the US (Ciudad JuÃÆ'¡rez, Tijuana).
Central Mexico
Mexico City
Mexico City is the capital of Mexico, and the most important city. The historic center of Mexico City is designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, with ancient archaeological ruins, many of the colonial era churches, most importantly the Cathedral, and the former palace of the New Young King, now the National Palace. The Cathedral and the National Palace are both located on the main square, known as the Zocalo. The city has a museum with many types, cultural treasures from Mexican history from ancient times to the modern era. One of the National Museum of Anthropology tariff guide as the top spot to visit in Mexico City, located in Chapultepec Park, itself is a major tourist attraction for foreign visitors and residents of Mexico City. Other museums worth a visit are the Museo de Arte Moderno, the Museo Dolores Olmedo, the Franz Mayer Museum, the Frida Kahlo Museum, the Museo Rufino Tamayo, the archaeological museum of the Templo Major, adjacent to the National Palace and the cathedral; and Museo Nacional de Historia at Chapultepec Castle, a former viceroy residence in Mexico, Emperor Maximilian I, and the Mexican president until the early 20th century.
Mexico City can be a jumping-off point for day trips and short visits in Central Mexico, including the very important archaeological site at Teotihuacan. Another important site is Tula, the capital of Toltek. The colonial cities worth visiting are Puebla, Taxco, Toluca, and Cuernavaca. Tepotzotlan is famous for the Museum of the Viceroyalty, with colonial-era art.
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Southern Mexico
Southern Mexico is home to many indigenous cultures alive and is a destination for many foreign and domestic tourists in Mexico. The dense indigenous population of pre-Hispanic era saw the emergence of civilization, with enormous archaeological sites showing their complexity. The rugged terrain of southern Mexico and the lack of mineral wealth attracting large numbers of Spanish settlers in the colonial era and in the post-independence era meant that southern Mexico remained a very high native character.
Oaxaca
Oaxaca in southern central Mexico remained very indigenous to the modern era and a destination for travelers who want to experience the various indigenous cultures there. The state capital is the City of Oaxaca, where most tourists live, after arriving by plane at the main airport. Tourists can use the capital as a base for day trips traveling outside the capital to visit cities specializing in certain crafts, often sold in traditional local markets (tianguis). Craft makers' cities include Santa MarÃÆ'a Atzompa, (pottery); San Bartolo Coyotepec, (black pottery); OcotlÃÆ'¡n, Oaxaca (pottery); San MartÃÆ'n Tilcajete, a fantastic carving called (alebrijes); and Teotitlan del Valle, rugs. The Oaxacan cuisine is famous, with ingredients, such as salted and dried locusts (chapulines), and a regional flavor.
Places worth visiting outside the capital include the main archaeological site of Monte Alban, as well as Mitla. There are many cities with market and craft production.
Yucatan and Chiapas Peninsula
The peninsula has a large number of major archaeological sites, including Chichà © ra Itza, Uxmal, and La Ruta Puuc , a series of small archeological sites. The capital of the country MÃÆ'  © rida was founded in the colonial era and underwent a massive explosion in the nineteenth century with an expansion for the market for sisal sisal or yarn, so the city has a number of luxury homes from former sisal barons. Campeche is the only walled city in Mexico.
The state of Chiapas in Mexico has archaeological sites of Palenque, Bonampak, and YaxchilÃÆ'¡n. The capital of Tuxtla GutiÃÆ' Â © rrez is the gateway to the region, with the main airport. San CristÃÆ'³bal de las Casas, named after the indigenous rights defenders of the nineteenth century, Fr. BartolomÃÆ'ÂÂ © de las Casas is a colonial era provincial city.
Central West Mexico
Tujuan wisata termasuk Aguascalientes, Guadalajara, Guanajuato, Manzanillo, Morelia, PÃÆ'¡tzcuaro, QuerÃÆ'Â © taro, San Miguel de Allende, Zacatecas.
Guadalajara
Guadalajara, Jalisco, the second largest city by population, is home to some of Mexico's most famous traditions, such as tequila, mariachi and charros, or Mexican cowboys. The resemblance to western European countries mixed with modern architecture and infrastructure makes Guadalajara very attractive to tourists. Together with Mexico City and coastal destinations (Cancun, Acapulco, etc.), Guadalajara is one of the most visited cities in Mexico. Cultural tourism is the main attraction, the city is home to a large number of museums, art galleries and theaters. The city also hosts several famous international events, such as the Guadalajara International Book Fair which is the most important exposition of its kind in the Spanish-speaking world, and the second largest book fair in the world. The city is known as a pioneer in the world of underground art as well as in the world of electronic music, another major tourist attraction. The diversity of European architectural styles is the focus of attraction for tourists, especially the Metropolitan Cathedral, the Degollado Theater and the Hospicio Cabaà ± a World Heritage Site and one of Spain's oldest hospital complexes. Other tourism activities include shopping at world-class malls, or plazas , touring the surrounding areas such as Huentitan Gorges, TonalÃÆ'¡, Tlaquepaque, Chapala or visiting nearby towns, which is fine only. connected by modern highways, such as Tequila, Puerto Vallarta or Mazamitla, depending on whether visitors are looking for an urban, coastal or rural getaway.
Morelia
Morelia, MichoacÃÆ'¡n is the State Capital of MichoacÃÆ'¡n. The Historical Center area (Centro HistÃÆ'³rico) covers about 150 city blocks in the city center, approximately equal to the actual area of ​​the city at the end of the 18th century. Centro Historico contains over 1,000 historical sites, including (but not limited to) cathedrals and water courses.
Northeast Mexico
Monterrey
Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, was founded in the late 16th century. The downtown district is the oldest part of town, surrounded by new surroundings. Museo de Historia Mexicana, MARCO (Monterrey Museum of Contemporary Art), Metropolitan Museum of Monterrey and Palacio de Gobierno Museum, or State House, are some of the city's more well-known museums, such as nationally. Santa Lucia Riverwalk is a riverwalk similar to the one in San Antonio, Texas, has a length of 2.5 km (1.6 million) and connects Fundidora Park with Macroplaza, one of the largest plazas in the world.
Northwest Mexico
Northwest Mexico has several major tourist destinations, including Chihuahua Town and Mazatlan. The Copper Canyon Railway travels through the rugged landscape.
Beach
The coastline of Mexico has many beaches frequented by sun bathing and other visitors. On the YucatÃÆ'¡n peninsula, one of the most popular beach destinations is the resort town of CancÃÆ'ºn, especially among students during spring break. Just offshore is the Isla Mujeres beach, and to the east is Isla Holbox. In the south of Cancun is a coastal strip called the Mayan Riviera that includes the coastal city of Playa del Carmen and the eco-park Xcaret and Xel-HÃÆ'¡. A day trip south of CancÃÆ'ºn is Tulum's historic harbor. In addition to its beaches, Tulum city is famous for its Mayan cliffside ruins.
On the Pacific coast is a famous tourist destination of Acapulco. After a destination for the rich and famous, the beach becomes crowded and the beach is now home to many multi-storey hotels and vendors. Acapulco is home to the famous cliff divers: a trained diver who jumps from the side of a vertical cliff to the waves below.
Along the beaches south of Acapulco there are surf beaches of Puerto Escondido, snorkeling, Puerto ÃÆ' ngel harbor beach, and Zipolite naturist beach. To the north of Acapulco is the resort town of Ixtapa and the fishing town of neighboring Zihuatanejo. Further north is the wild and rugged surf beaches of MichoacÃÆ'¡n beach.
Along the coast of the central and northern Pacific, the biggest attraction is the beaches of MazatlÃÆ'¡n and the resort town of Puerto Vallarta. Less frequently visited are protected bays of Baha de Navidad, Baha Kino beach towns, and CuyutlÃÆ'¡n black sand. San Carlos, home of Playa los Algodones (Cotton Beach), is a winter draw, especially for retirees.
At the southern end of the Baja California peninsula is the resort town of Cabo San Lucas, a city famous for its beaches and marlin fish. Further north along the Gulf of California is the BahÃÆ'a de La ConcepciÃÆ'³n, another coastal city known for its fishing sport. Closer to the border of the United States is a weekend sweep of San Felipe, Baja California.
Archaeological site
The central and southern parts of Mexico are where some pre-Hispanic civilizations flourished, the most prominent being the Aztecs, Mayas, and Olmecs as well as Zapotec and Mixtec. There are many tourist destinations where these ruins can be seen. The Mexican government has taken the jurisdiction of many sites, often setting guidelines for excavation, preservation, and restrictions on the number of visitors, but nearby indigenous peoples, who see these sites as part of their direct cultural heritage, object to the rule.
The YucatÃÆ'¡n peninsula is home to the Mayan people, and many of the natives still speak the language. The area also contains many sites where the Mayan ruins of civilization can be visited. The richest is located in the eastern part of the peninsula and collectively known as La Ruta Puuc (or La Ruta Maya). The largest Puuc Ruta site is Uxmal, which was abandoned in the 12th century.
An hour's drive to the northeast of Ruta Puuc is the remains of MayapÃÆ'¡n. This settlement is controlled by Chicha n ItzÃÆ'¡ to the east, now a huge archaeological site with many interesting ruins. Other ruins on the peninsula include Tulum on the east coast, Coba to the northwest of Tulum, Polà © Ã… © (now Xcaret) just south of Playa del Carmen and Calakmul in a nature reserve along the Guatemalan border. But this list does not mean draining the number of archaeological sites that can be found in this area.
To the west, the state of Chiapas includes the Palenque temples and ruins, the city's YaxchilÃÆ'¡n flying machines, Bonampak's painted walls nearby, and the remains of ToninÃÆ'¡. In the town of Villahermosa to the north is the Parque-Museo La Venta, with a collection of Olmec statues.
Along the coastal areas of the bay in the state of Veracruz are more archaeological sites, with the center of the ceremony Olmec Tres Zapotes, the ruins of the great Totonac city of Zempoala, and the ruins of El TajÃÆ'n with the Pyramid of Songs. The city of Xalapa contains the Museo de Antropologa, a famous museum featuring a massive collection of Olmec head sculptures.
In the state of Oaxaca along the Pacific coast are the ruins of Mitla, known as the "City of Death" and Monte AlbÃÆ'¡n, the remnants of Zapotec's former capital and religious center.
Moving north, the central area around Mexico City contains several archaeological sites. To the southwest are the great ruins of TeotihuacÃÆ'¡n, including the Solar Pyramid and the Quetzalcoatl Temple. In the southeast near the town of Cholula is the Great Pyramid, visible from the city center. Just north of Cholula is the well-preserved ruins of Cacaxtla town. Last but not least is Toltec the capital of Tula, north of Mexico City. In the capital itself is the largest museum in Mexico, Museo Nacional de AntropologÃÆ'a.
Finally, less visited than the main site are the mysterious ruins of La Quemada, sometimes referred to as Chicomostoc, located south of Zacatecas, Zacatecas in northern Mexico.
Ethnic cultural tourism
Travelers are also often looking for destinations with native living cultures, such as in Oaxaca and Yucatan. Traditional markets in many small towns have a mix of groceries and regular supplies for locals, as well as locally produced handicraft sellers. In the state of Oaxaca, various cities specialize in certain crafts, such as weaving carpets (Teotitlan del Valle) and black pottery (Coyotepec). Some Mexican handicraft and art production are traditional, and are specially practiced in Oaxaca, but some artisans respond to the tourist requests that make up the product for that market exclusively. The Guelaguetza, an annual festival of music and dance by indigenous peoples in Oaxaca provides reinforcement of local traditions and deliberately locating tourists as participants, staged now in the amphitheater. Another tourist-promoted event is Mexico's Day of Death in early November and has been listed as a protected cultural practice, included in the UNESCO Unique Cultural Heritage List. City with special craft:
- San Pablito, Puebla (amate paper)
- Santa MarÃÆ'a Atzompa, Oaxaca (pottery)
- San Bartolo Coyotepec Oaxaca (pottery)
- OcotlÃÆ'¡n, Oaxaca (pottery, blades)
- San MartÃÆ'n Tilcajete, Oaxaca (alebrijes)
- Santa Clara del Cobre, Michoacan (copper craft)
- TeotitlÃÆ'¡n del Valle, Oaxaca (carpet)
- Temoaya, State of Mexico (carpet)
- Tlalpujahua, Michoacan (Christmas decoration)
- Tlaquepaque, Jalisco (pottery)
- TonalÃÆ'¡, Jalisco (pottery, glass, etc.)
- Tenancingo, State of Mexico (rebozos, basket, furniture)
UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Gallery in Mexico
Craft Gallery in Mexico
Festivals and Celebrations
Mexico has many religious and civil festivals as well as various cultural festivals.
Since colonial times, the Roman Catholic Church established a number of festivals, both public and local, celebrating events on the liturgical calendar. Holy Week in Mexico is widely observed, with many re-enacting events in the last days of Christ's life. The Christmas season runs for December 12, the Feast of the Virgin from Guadalupe until January 6, the Feast of Ephesus, also known as the Three Kings. There are many local religious celebrations by the cities, often on the holy day they name.
Food and beverage festivals include the AlfeÃÆ' Â ± ique exhibit in Toluca; Feria Nacional de San Marcos in Aguascalientes; International Pasty Festival in Real del Monte, Hidalgo state; Night of the Radishes (Dec 23) Oaxaca, and Puerto Vallarta Gourmet Festival.
A large meeting of Spanish booksellers is the annual Guadalajara International Book Fair. The International Cervantes Festival is held annually in Guanajuato. In Oaxaca, the Oaxaca International Literary Competition and the Oaxaca Independent Film Festival are events.
Historic colonial cities
- Campeche, Campeche. The only walled city in Mexico, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- Cuernavaca, Morelos. Historical architecture, including the HernÃÆ'¡n CortÃÆ' Â © s Palace.
- Dolores Hidalgo, Guanajuato. The site where the Mexican War of Independence from Spain began.
- Durango, Durango. The most important northern colonial capital in Mexico. Dubbed the Pearl of the Guadiana Valley, it has many colonial mansions, one of which is the Count of Suchil Palace.
- Guanajuato, Guanajuato. Mexico's largest city of colonial silver mining, UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- MÃÆ' Â © rida, YucatÃÆ'¡n. Dubbed the white city, the Mayan tradition has many impressive colonies of beauty.
- Mexico City. The City Palace as Alexander von Humboldt calls it. It has been the nation's capital for nearly 700 years. Since the founding of the Aztec Empire to date. UNESCO World Heritage Site
- Morelia, MichoacÃÆ'¡n. The colonial architecture is remarkable; World Heritage Sites
- Oaxaca, Oaxaca. The colonial architecture and Native traditions are mixed here; this is a World Heritage Site
- Puebla, Puebla. A city known as the talavera tile; its historic center is a World Heritage Site
- QuerÃÆ' Â © taro. The state capital has a beautiful baroque town center, declared a World Heritage Site. Other popular destinations include the world's third highest monolith (PeÃÆ' Â ± a de Bernal), a city renowned for its hot springs in the midst of wine and cheese making areas (Tequisquiapan), and stunning natural and cultural beauty in biosphere reserves. Sierra Gorda.
- San Luis PotosÃÆ', San Luis PotosÃÆ'. Rich in ancient times from its quarry, this colonial city was the capital of Mexico twice.
- San Miguel de Allende, Guanajuato. One of Mexico's oldest cities. Many historic churches and Plaza Allende are open. The superb Gothic beauty cathedral is located here.
- Taxco, Guerrero. Silver Jewelry. A very famous baroque church is located here, its interior most admired for its baroque ornaments all coated in gold.
- Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala. This city is the capital of a small country of the same name. It has an open chapel of the Arabic chapel chapel, next to the cathedral.
- Veracruz, Veracruz. The first City Hall in America has been completed here.
- Zacatecas, Zacatecas. The city was built during the mine's colonial Mexican silver explosion; its historic center is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
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Ecotourism
In Latin America, Costa Rica is considered a model for ecotourism, and Mexico seeks to expand this sector. Aiming at what is considered a success in this sector is the proportion of tourist dollars that stay onsite rather than outside and prevent a large number of ecotourism that can ruin the tourist experience of natural wonders. Mexico has a large number of sites designated as UNESCO Biosphere Reserves, some of which are tourist destinations.
UNESCO World Heritage Site
UNESCO has established a number of World Heritage Sites; Mexico has a significant number. Site numbered: 1. Centro HistÃÆ'³rico de la Ciudad de MÃÆ'Ã… © xico; 2. Universitaria Ciudad; 3. Xochicalco; 4. Monasteries on the slopes of PopocatÃÆ'Â © petl; 5. Luis Barragan House and Studio; 6. Teotihuacan; 7. Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve; 8. Aqueduct from Padre Tembleque
Legend: World Heritage Site; World Natural Heritage Sites; World Heritage Site and World Heritage (Mixed)
Public tourism
https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/countries/mexico/#Mexico-Map-cut.jpg
See also
- List of World Heritage Sites in Mexico
- Mexican visa policy
- Tourism Secretariat
- Mexican Architecture
- Pueblos MÃÆ'¡gicos
Further reading
References
Source
- " UNWTO Annual Report. " World Tourism Organization. Retrieved on November 20, 2013.
- " Cultura Turistica. " Secretaria de Turismo. Retrieved on November 20, 2013.
- Hernandez, Alejandra. (August 2010) " Mexicana de Aviacion se Clausura. " El Universal. Retrieved on November 20, 2013. Gallagher, Margaret (2008), "Feminist issues and global media systems", in Sarikakis, Katharine; Leslie Regan, Shade, Feminist Intervention in International Communication: Taking Care of the Gap , Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & amp; Littlefield, pp.Ã, 17-32, ISBNÃ, 9780742553057.
External links
- Mexican travel guide from Wikivoyage
- Official Mexican Tourism website
- US. Department of Foreign Affairs, Mexico, Travel Warning
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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